Trichlorosilane (TCS) is a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent odor. It is an important intermediate in the production of polysilicon, the raw material used in solar cells, semiconductors, and electronics. TCS is also used in the production of silicone, a versatile material with many applications in industries such as automotive, construction, healthcare, and personal care. In this article, we will explore the manufacturing process of TCS and its market prospects.
Manufacturing Process
TCS is primarily produced by the reaction of metallurgical-grade silicon (MG-Si) with hydrogen chloride (HCl) in the presence of a catalyst. The reaction can be represented by the following equation:
Si + 3HCl → HSiCl3 + 2H2
This reaction is exothermic, and the heat generated is used to maintain the reaction temperature. The reaction is typically carried out in a vertical reactor, where the MG-Si and HCl are introduced at the top and bottom, respectively. The catalyst, usually a metal chloride such as copper chloride or iron chloride, is added to the MG-Si before it enters the reactor. The TCS produced is then purified by distillation, often using a series of columns to remove impurities such as unreacted HCl, polysilicon, and other silicon-containing compounds.
One of the leading manufacturers of TCS is Evonik Degussa TCS, formerly known as Degussa TCS. The company operates a TCS production plant in Rheinfelden, Germany, with an annual capacity of 12,000 metric tons. The plant uses a proprietary process that enables the production of high-purity TCS with low levels of impurities. The TCS produced by Evonik Degussa TCS is used in the production of polysilicon and silicone, as well as other applications such as surface coatings, adhesives, and sealants.
Another supplier of TCS is DOWSIL, which offers two grades of TCS: Z-1228 EG and Q1-2333. Z-1228 EG is a high-purity TCS used in the production of polysilicon, while Q1-2333 is a lower-purity TCS used in the production of silicone. DOWSIL operates a TCS production plant in Carrollton, Kentucky, with an annual capacity of 6,000 metric tons.
Market Prospects
The global market for TCS is expected to grow in the coming years, driven by the increasing demand for polysilicon and silicone. The demand for polysilicon is primarily driven by the growth of the solar energy industry, which is expected to continue to expand as governments and businesses seek to reduce their carbon footprint and meet renewable energy targets. The demand for silicone is driven by its versatility and unique properties, which make it an ideal material for a wide range of applications.
According to a report by MarketsandMarkets, the global market for TCS is projected to reach $1.9 billion by 2025, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.8% from 2020 to 2025. The report cites the increasing demand for solar energy and the growing use of silicone in various industries as key drivers of the market. The Asia-Pacific region is expected to be the largest market for TCS, driven by the growing demand for polysilicon and silicone in countries such as China, Japan, and South Korea.
Ningbo Inno Pharmchem Co., Ltd. is a leading manufacturer of TCS in China. The company operates a TCS production plant in Ningbo, with an annual capacity of 5,000 metric tons. The TCS produced by Ningbo Inno Pharmchem Co., Ltd. is of high quality and purity, and is widely used in the production of polysilicon and silicone. The company has a strong commitment to quality, safety, and environmental protection, and has obtained various certifications such as ISO 9001, ISO 14001, and OHSAS 18001.
In conclusion, Trichlorosilane is a critical intermediate in the production of polysilicon and silicone, two essential materials for the solar energy and electronics industries. The global market for TCS is expected to grow in the coming years, driven by the increasing demand for these materials. Manufacturers such as Evonik Degussa TCS, DOWSIL, and Ningbo Inno Pharmchem Co., Ltd. play a crucial role in meeting this demand by producing high-quality TCS that meets the stringent requirements of various industries.
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