1-Trimethylsilyl-1,2,4-Triazole: Properties, Applications, and Production

1-Trimethylsilyl-1,2,4-triazole (TMST) is an organosilicon compound that has found applications in various fields, such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. TMST is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in common organic solvents, such as dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and chloroform. TMST has a molecular weight of 147.27 g/mol and a melting point of 76-78 °C.

Synthesis of TMST

TMST can be prepared by the reaction of 1,2,4-triazole with trimethylchlorosilane in the presence of a base, such as pyridine or triethylamine. The reaction proceeds via the nucleophilic substitution of chlorine by the triazole nitrogen, followed by the elimination of HCl and the formation of the Si-N bond. The yield of TMST can reach up to 90% under optimized conditions.

Applications of TMST

TMST has been used as a building block for the synthesis of various compounds, such as triazole-based ligands, antimicrobial agents, and herbicides. For example, TMST can be converted to the corresponding 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol by reaction with sodium hydrosulfide, which can then be used as a precursor for the synthesis of metal chelating agents, such as 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione.

In the field of agrochemicals, TMST has been used as a safener for herbicides, such as acetochlor and metolachlor. The addition of TMST to the herbicide formulation can increase the tolerance of corn and rice plants to the herbicide, thereby reducing the phytotoxicity and enhancing the weed control efficacy. TMST can act as a radical scavenger and a quencher of singlet oxygen, which can protect the plant cells from oxidative stress and membrane damage caused by the herbicide.

In the field of materials science, TMST has been used as a surface modifier for silica and alumina particles. TMST can react with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the particles, forming a covalent bond and creating a hydrophobic layer that can improve the dispersibility and stability of the particles in organic solvents. TMST-modified silica particles have been used as fillers for rubber and polymer composites, as well as catalyst supports for organic reactions.

Conclusion

1-Trimethylsilyl-1,2,4-triazole is a versatile compound that has shown promising applications in various fields. Its easy synthesis, high yield, and compatibility with various organic and inorganic substrates make it a valuable building block for the synthesis of complex molecules and materials. INNO Specialty Chemicals is a reliable manufacturer and supplier of TMST and related products, offering high-quality and cost-effective solutions to customers worldwide.

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